| Product "applause" China's manufacturing industry, "drawing a dungeon" urgent need to break the bureau |
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Product "barking hard" core technology subject to foreign companies
China's manufacturing industry, "drawing on the ground" urgently need to be broken
China's manufacturing transformation and upgrading imminent. The Economic Information Daily reporter recently went to Guangdong, Jiangsu, Fujian and other places to conduct in-depth investigation and understanding. On the one hand, many key technologies have broken the foreign monopoly. However, the products are "hard to be called" and the marketing is in a dilemma. Some enterprises are struggling for life and death. On the one hand, excess capacity in some areas, the core technology subject to foreign enterprises, the absence of domestic equipment. Industry experts suggest that we must rely on science and technology innovation and brand innovation in order to change the low-level and low-value-added manufacturing industry in our country. We must overcome the constraints of the traditional thinking of "drawing on the ground," and speed up industrial restructuring and upgrading.
30% price reduction: foreign brands no longer "card neck"
The Economic Information Daily reporter interviewed a number of enterprises and learned that the fruits of their independent innovation and technological breakthroughs have made China create a long-standing monopoly breaking foreign companies and solved the problem of "karmic". While enhancing the national economic security, Manufacturing competitiveness and quality continue to improve. For example, Shandong Changlin Machinery Group's high-end hydraulic technology to break the monopoly of foreign countries, the price of foreign products directly reduced by one-third; Shengrui Transmission Co., Ltd. 8-speed automatic transmission R & D success and listing, but also to Japan's transmission price by about three points one.
In Gu'an County, Langfang City, Hebei Valley (Gu'an) Technology Co., Ltd., the reporter saw the 6th generation active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) production line project to achieve all the main plant capped, is about to begin clean plant construction. Technical Support This factory is Jiangsu Kunshan WISCO Company, which won the first prize of National Technological Invention in 2011.
For a long time our country has shown that the industry is in a follow-up state. From the first generation of technology to the second generation of technology, both import and digestion are reintroduced and the overall development situation is relatively passive. In the field of flat panel display experts, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ouyang Zhong Can view it, the third-generation OLED technology with ultra-thin, flexible and other features will bring significant changes in the form of the monitor, VI Cynosse VI AMOLED production line construction will break the foreign OLED monopoly position, to achieve our country in the field of new display industry, "overtaking."
In Huantai County of Shandong Province, Dongyue Group Co., Ltd. Chief Scientist Zhang Yongming and his team intense research and development of a new generation of chlor-alkali ion membrane technology, the company in 2009 eight-year research breakthrough ion membrane successfully off the assembly line to break the monopoly of foreign decades, Solved the key technology of chlor-alkali production in the largest country subject to the situation of people, effectively supported the country's economic safe operation.
"At present, our products consume only 1% -2% more electricity than the most advanced products in the world," said Zhang Yongming, who said that we are currently developing next-generation products that are expected to outperform foreign products. It is understood that Dongyue introduced ion-exchange membrane technology, foreign companies have introduced two generations of better performance, the price from the original 800 US dollars / square meter, down to the present 300 US dollars / square meter, China Chlor-alkali and subsequent industries greatly Benefit.
3 aspects of the dilemma: product promotion experience "Waterloo"
The insiders and the business community generally believe that the above-mentioned enterprises that have obtained the key core technologies will be the mainstay of the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry. However, their products are "not to be praised" and their marketing encounters "Waterloo." Analysis of the reasons, the following three aspects.
First of all, domestic enterprises are concerned about the application of new products. Zhang Jianhong, vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and chairman of Dongyue Group Co., Ltd., said although chlor-alkali Association has repeatedly called for support for domestically produced membranes, most domestic enterprises are willing to use mature products and do not want to be "mice."
"Some companies say I use it when you are successful in the market," said Liu Xiangwu, chairman of Shengrui Transmission Co., Ltd. It is easy to lead to a vicious circle that can not be improved without application and can be harder to apply.
Second, foreign monopolies suppressed and blocked.
"Previously, companies such as DuPont in the United States have not launched their new products, and as soon as we launched our products, they pushed the second generation. After we improved, he launched the third generation of targeted pressure." Zhang Yongming said, "DuPont After the research and development of Dongyue products, the company negotiated and let Dongyue abandon its own technical route, and then use their technology to produce and then split into halves, which was decisively rejected by us.
Third, many domestic enterprises lack of sustained capital investment. As technology research and development often require a higher level of investment, science and technology enterprises generally need more financial support than other enterprises. In the process of R & D, many domestic enterprises rely on the money earned by other industries to support this industrial innovation. Some even take "getting all their belongings to bet." Once the market is discouraged, follow-up R & D is hard to follow.
"We are 5 years ahead of Samsung research OLED technology, the world's first two flexible display standard is also our leading development, but the current production of small and medium-size OLED screen in the world accounted for more than Jiucheng proportion." Vice President of SinoVision Zhang Deqiang They think that while domestic companies like to invest in mature technologies, foreign companies like to invest in forward-looking, especially subversive, black technology. Although we had technology in the early days, finding corporate support and introducing social capital was still difficult.
2 points of gross profit: corporate profits, "can not afford to hurt"
Ningde, Fujian is a national gathering place for privately-owned shipping industry. Zhang Qingjie, head of the local Huahai Shipping Company, said that at present, an estimated 30% excess capacity still exists in the shipbuilding industry. "Making a margin of only two points for a boat left a huge loss and pressure on enterprises."
A responsible agricultural machinery and equipment company in Jinan told reporters that over the past two years, due to overcapacity, the company received orders for manufacturing new equipment drastically reduced from previous years, "the company's performance fell more than a third last year."
Even businesses in emerging and high-tech industries are deeply touched by over-competition caused by overcapacity. "In the past, there was a lack of a small screen. After the LCD screen was put into operation in 2009, the annual output value of enterprises climbed up to nearly 5 billion yuan. However, in 2013, the industry experienced overcapacity and the price was cut and the output value of enterprises dropped to more than 1 billion." Chengdu A person in charge of electronic enterprises introduced in recent years by enterprises from large quantities, small batches shift to more batches, small batch market, the output value to achieve recovery.
"Economic Information Daily" reporter found that at present, China's equipment manufacturing industry still faces some outstanding problems. Some business executives believe that overcapacity is hindering some areas and industries to improve the main reason for the majority of core technology foreign brands, the absence of domestic equipment remains to be changed.
"Industrial robots are ABB, automatic label printing equipment from Italy, there are the United States there ... ..." In Suzhou Sheng Hong Group, a wholly owned subsidiary of high-tech digital look forward to the workshop, feeding, stacking, packing, sealing , Labeling printing and other automation equipment, is operating in an orderly manner. However, these smart devices are mostly imported.
Gao Su-Jian, director of Suzhou Sheng Hong, said some domestic robots and other smart devices are not sophisticated enough and often require repairs. "Even if a screw is broken, it has to be discontinued and repaired, causing a lot of trouble. Foreign robots have worked continuously for 24 hours for many years without any problems."
20% of the gap: the traditional thinking "to prison"
According to a survey by Economic Information Daily reporter, the phenomenon of "two 70%" prevails in developed countries, that is, service output accounts for 70% of the GDP and manufacturing service output accounts for 70% of the service output. In the United States, manufacturing and service mergers account for 58% of the total number of manufacturing companies. Compared with developed countries, China's manufacturing service level is still in its infancy. The Transformation and Upgrading of Manufacturing Industry in China Urges to Get Rid of the Constraints of "Drawing on the Ground" of the Traditional Thinking.
Qu Yin-ming, former vice president of China Machinery Science and Research Institute, said: "The development of manufacturing services lags behind so that enterprises are absent from the high-end of the value chain, providing users with system design, complete systems, project contracting, remote diagnosis and maintenance, recycling and remanufacturing, Services such as leasing and other services have not been nurtured, the vast majority of companies account for less than 10% of service revenue, developed countries have more than 30%, some leading companies such as the United States GE company up to 70%.
According to Dongguan credit department, by the traditional extensive mode of thinking of industrial development, many manufacturing enterprises still exist heavy-duty light weight, light speed and light efficiency, re-mass production of light customization, re-manufacturing of light service phenomenon, information Inadequate investment in design and design, lack of independent research and design capabilities, to carry out service-oriented manufacturing enterprises are not many.
Chen Guilei, director of the Production and Service Department of Fujian Economic and Information Commission, said that at present, service-oriented manufacturing is based on product-based extension services and the service is in a subsidiary position of products.
In addition, the connotation of the concept of service-oriented manufacturing industry is not clear. In an interview, the reporter also felt that some local governments and enterprises have formed a mindset that productive services are an upper-class concept and that service-oriented manufacturing is only a subordinate concept of the producer service industry, and such understanding will produce many problems in practice Unfavorable orientation, and may even mislead service-oriented manufacturing into "de-manufacturing." |
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